Mr. Jansen believes math instruction should be based on what foundational principle?

The belief that instruction should build on existing knowledge is grounded in the understanding that learners benefit from connecting new concepts to what they already know. This approach aligns with constructivist learning theories, which emphasize that students construct their understanding and knowledge of the world through experiences and reflecting on those experiences.

When new material is introduced in a way that links to prior knowledge, students can make sense of the information more readily. It fosters deeper comprehension and retention because they can relate the unfamiliar with the familiar, making learning a more cohesive process. This principle also acknowledges that students come from diverse backgrounds and possess different levels of understanding, which is essential for effective differentiation in teaching practices.

In contrast, the other beliefs presented would not support effective learning strategies. For instance, the idea that new concepts should stand alone neglects the importance of prior knowledge in learning. Encouraging memorization without understanding, as suggested by the option focused on arithmetic, can lead to surface-level learning, and the belief that all students learn at the same pace ignores individual learning differences and the need for personalized instruction. Therefore, building on existing knowledge is a foundational principle that enhances learning engagement and success.